Tools for SQL Server on Linux

When an organization runs SQL Server on Windows servers, the principal administration tool is SQL Server Management Studio (SSMS). This tool doesn't run on Linux, although you can connect it to a Linux SQL Server from Windows computer.

For the Wide World Importers database migration, you want to learn how a Linux administrator configures, queries, and maintains SQL Server. Your Linux servers don't run graphical user interfaces (GUIs) and provide only a command-line shell, but you also have Linux laptops with GUIs. You want to find out about tools you can use to administer SQL Server, both from the command line and from the Linux laptops.

Here, you'll learn about the administration tools you can execute on Linux.

Native Linux tools

Database administrators use many native Linux tools with which you're already familiar from other administration tasks.

Software installation and upgrades are done using apt, zypper, or yum, depending on the Linux distribution.

After SQL Server is installed, it runs as a Linux service, so you can use systemd to start, stop, or restart the database server. This also means that, if you want to set up highly available clusters of SQL Server instances, you can use Pacemaker to do it.

SQL Server administration tools

For database tasks such as configuration, schema creation, data population, and user management, you use tools that are specifically written to work with SQL Server.

Remember that, if you have a Windows computer with SSMS installed on it, you can connect it to SQL Servers that run on Linux and administer them as you would any other SQL Server. Administrators in mixed Windows and Linux environments might prefer to work this way.

If you want to administer SQL Server from a Linux computer, then your choice of tool depends on whether you're running a GUI.

Azure Data Studio

Azure Data Studio is a free, graphical, cross-platform SQL Server administration and development application that runs on Linux, Windows, or Mac. You can run this tool on any Linux client or server that includes an X Windows GUI. The core functionality is limited, but you can expand it by adding extensions created by Microsoft or third-party authors.

SQL Server command-line tools

Microsoft provides a set of command-line tools you can use to administer and develop databases on SQL Server on Linux. You can use these on any Linux machine, even those without a GUI:

• mssql-cli provides Transact-SQL IntelliSense syntax highlighting, formatted query results, and a multi-line edit mode.
• mssql-conf is a set of scripts that you run after installation, and later, to configure SQL Server on Linux. For example, you use these scripts to enable SQL Server Agent, or set up a High Availability Group.
• mssql-tools is a package that contains sqlcmd and bcp commands, which have the same functions as on Windows.