Note
Access to this page requires authorization. You can try signing in or changing directories.
Access to this page requires authorization. You can try changing directories.
The latest version of this topic can be found at final Specifier.
You can use the final keyword to designate virtual functions that cannot be overridden in a derived class. You can also use it to designate classes that cannot be inherited.
Syntax
function-declaration final;
class class-name final base-classes
Remarks
final is context-sensitive and has special meaning only when it's used after a function declaration or class name; otherwise, it's not a reserved keyword.
When final is used in class declarations, base-classes is an optional part of the declaration.
Example
The following example uses the final keyword to specify that a virtual function cannot be overridden.
class BaseClass
{
virtual void func() final;
};
class DerivedClass: public BaseClass
{
virtual void func(); // compiler error: attempting to
// override a final function
};
For information about how to specify that member functions can be overridden, see override Specifier.
The next example uses the final keyword to specify that a class cannot be inherited.
class BaseClass final
{
};
class DerivedClass: public BaseClass // compiler error: BaseClass is
// marked as non-inheritable
{
};