There are two scenarios for this, when it shall happen:
- Work Account via Settings or joining Windows manually to Azure AD / Microsoft Entra.
- When you add work account email to your Outlook, it asks about the management of device. That should also bring the device under Intune management.
Only using services especially via WEB will not do anything regarding MDM join. I am not sure, does OneDrive client have similar option like Outlook has.