Hi there,
Yes, you can do it by many ways. I recommend a most modern and most secured option which is using Managed Identities.
Enable Managed Identity in your Azure Automation Account or Azure Functions, grant required permissions to the MI and do whatever you want.
https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/automation/automation-security-overview
https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/samples/azure-samples/functions-storage-managed-identity/using-managed-identity-between-azure-functions-and-azure-storage/
This is an example of a script that uploads data to a storage account using a certificate, actually the logic is exactly the same, you just need to switch an authentication from SAS tokens to Managed Identity.